I-Penicillin iye yayisesona sithinteli-ntsholongwane sokuqala ehlabathini esisetyenziswa kunyango.Emva kweminyaka yokukhula, kuye kwavela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amaninzi, kodwa ingxaki yokunganyangeki kweyeza ebangelwa kukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokuthe ngcembe iye yabalasela.
I-peptides ye-Antimicrobial ithathwa njengethemba elibanzi lokusetyenziswa ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo ophezulu wokulwa ne-antibacterial, i-spectrum ye-antibacterial ebanzi, iindidi, uluhlu olubanzi lokukhetha, kunye nokuguqulwa okuphantsi kokumelana kwiintlobo ekujoliswe kuzo.Okwangoku, iipeptide ezininzi ze-antimicrobial zikwinqanaba lophando lwezonyango, phakathi kwazo ii-mainins(Xenopus laevis antimicrobial peptide) ingene Ⅲ kulingo lwezonyango.
Iindlela zokusebenza ezichazwe kakuhle
Iipeptide ze-Antimicrobial (amps) ziyi-polypeptides ezisisiseko ezinobunzima be-molecular ye-20000 kwaye zinomsebenzi we-antibacterial.Phakathi kwe ~ 7000 kwaye yenziwe ngama-20 ukuya kwi-60 intsalela ye-amino acid.Uninzi lwezi peptides zisebenzayo zineempawu zesiseko esomeleleyo, ukuzinza kobushushu, kunye ne-antibacterial-spectrum ebanzi.
Ngokusekwe kulwakhiwo lwazo, i-peptides ye-antimicrobial inokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezine: i-helical, i-sheet, eyandisiweyo, kunye neringi.Ezinye iipeptide ze-antimicrobial zibandakanya ngokupheleleyo i-helix enye okanye iphepha, ngelixa ezinye zinesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi.
Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokwenza i-antimicrobial peptides kukuba inomsebenzi othe ngqo ngokuchasene ne-bacterial cell membranes.Ngamafutshane, i-peptides ye-antimicrobial iphazamisa amandla ee-membrane zebhaktheriya, iguqula i-membrane permeability, i-metabolites evuzayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhokelele ekufeni kwebhaktheriya.Ubume obuhlawuliswayo be-peptides ye-antimicrobial inceda ekuphuculeni amandla abo okusebenzisana ne-bacterial cell membranes.Uninzi lweepeptides ezilwa neentsholongwane zinentlawulo entle kwaye ke zibizwa ngokuba yi-cationic antimicrobial peptides.Ukusebenzisana kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwe-cationic antimicrobial peptides kunye ne-anionic bacterial membranes kuzinzisa ukubophelela kwe-antimicrobial peptides kwiinwebu zebhaktiriya.
Amandla onyango asakhulayo
Ukukwazi kwe-peptides ye-antimicrobial ukusebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kunye neetshaneli ezahlukeneyo azinyusi nje umsebenzi we-antimicrobial kodwa zinciphisa ukuthambekela kokuxhathisa.Ukusebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, ukubakho kweebhaktheriya ekufumaneni utshintsho oluninzi ngaxeshanye kunokuncitshiswa kakhulu, ukunika i-antimicrobial peptides amandla okuxhathisa.Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba iipeptide ezininzi ze-antimicrobial zisebenza kwiindawo ze-bacterial cell membrane, ibhaktheriya kufuneka ihlengahlengise ngokupheleleyo ubume bemembrane yeseli ukuze iguqulwe, kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba kwenzeke utshintsho oluninzi.Kuxhaphake kakhulu kwichemotherapy yomhlaza ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwethumba kunye nokumelana neziyobisi ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi kunye neearhente ezahlukeneyo.
Ithemba leklinikhi lilungile
Phuhlisa amachiza amatsha e-antimicrobial ukuphepha ingxaki elandelayo ye-antimicrobial.Inani elikhulu leepeptides ezilwa neentsholongwane ziphantsi kovavanyo lweklinikhi kwaye zibonisa amandla ekliniki.Mninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe kwiipeptides ezilwa neentsholongwane njengee-antimicrobial agents.Iipeptide ezininzi ze-antimicrobial kulingo lwezonyango azikwazi ukuziswa emarikeni ngenxa yoyilo olubi lolingo okanye ukungabikho kobungqina.Ke ngoko, uphando oluninzi malunga nokusebenzisana kwe-antimicrobial esekwe kwi-peptide kunye nemekobume yoluntu entsonkothileyo iya kuba luncedo ekuvavanyeni amandla okwenyani kula machiza.
Ngokwenene, iikhompawundi ezininzi kulingo lwezonyango ziye zenziwa uhlengahlengiso oluthile lweekhemikhali ukuphucula iimpawu zabo zonyango.Kule nkqubo, ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwamathala eencwadi edijithali kunye nophuhliso lwesoftware yomfuziselo kuya kwandisa ngakumbi uphando kunye nophuhliso lwala machiza.
Nangona uyilo kunye nophuhliso lwe-peptides ye-antimicrobial ingumsebenzi onentsingiselo, kufuneka sizame ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwe-antimicrobial agents ezintsha.Ukuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kwee-antimicrobial agents kunye neendlela zokulwa ne-antimicrobial kuya kunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yokumelana ne-antibiotic.Ukongeza, xa i-ejenti entsha ye-antibacterial ifakwa kwimarike, ukubekwa esweni okucacileyo kunye nolawulo luyafuneka ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokungeyomfuneko kwee-antibacterial agents kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-04-2023